مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 41، پاییز 1385)

Background and Human serum a-mannosidase is important in glycoprotein and glycolipids processes for isolating the mannose link to protein and lipid. This is because glycoprotein and glycolipids are used in (nervous) cell membrane. Its deficiency causes psychiatric diseases. The present study was conducted to purify the human serum a-mannosidase in order to compare it with other human serum isoenzymes so that the results are used in future studies. Methods and Materials: Human serum a-mannosidase was purified by gel filtration on sephadex G200 and affinity chromatography on Con-A CL seralose. a-mannosidase was purified 1384.6 times. The obtained molecular mass by gel filtration and electrophoresis (pH=8.3) were 354813 and 423790 Dal respectively. Carbohydrate amount was 10.6%. It was observed that the optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme were 4.2 and 40°c respectively. Respective Km value for a-mannosidase was 27.5 mM for p-nitrophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside. It was also discovered that Vmax was 101 unit per minute per mM of the enzyme substrate. Purified a-mannosidase is different from other human serum isoenzymes due to its molecular mass and other enzymatic features.

Background and Serum soluble Fas (sFas) is found in low concentrations in the sera of healthy subjects and it elevated in patients with autoimmune diseases, malignancy and inflammatory diseases. The Fas molecules play some role in the pathogenesis of Graves’ disease through interfering with the Fas-FasL interaction. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between soluble Fas serum level and thyroid autoantibodies. Methods and Materials: In order to determine the association of serum sFas level with thyroid autoantibodies, we evaluated the serum levels of sFas and thyroid antibodies in 31 untreated GD patients and 37 respective healthy controls. sFas serum level was reported to be higher in patients than in healthy subjects (P....

Background and Recent studies have revealed that stressors can originate from either disease or hospital environment, in cardiac patients, which are perceptible by nurses. However, it seems that nurses take actions by their perceptions when facing stressors. This Research was conducted to study and compare the perceptions of cardiac patients and nurses from stressors of disease and hospital environment at Vaseee Hospital in Sabzevar, Iran. Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional descriptive- analytical study, nurses and patients admitted to the cardiology ware were considered as the study population, out of which 18 nurses doing rounds in this ward and 141 patients were included in the study. Patients were selected through convenient non- probability sampling. Personal information forms and stressors questionnaires (adapted from kanali 1992, Hikila 1999 and Voliser 1975) were given to both groups for data collection. Relevant data were analyzed using Mann whitney and chi- square. The findings revealed that there was a significant difference between the nurses, and patents, Perceptions of stressors (p....

Background and The importance of nursing education in preparing the students to adopt their professional roles is currently recognized and the effectivencss of the clinical education has been increasingly emphasized with the student-centeredness being focused. The successful planning to meet the requirements and to correct the deficits in clinical education necessitates an in-depth cognition on the lived experiences of nursing students who are the real targets of nursing curricula. Methods and materials: The phenomenological approach was used in this study. Participants were nursing students from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, with at least one clinical experience as an obligatory course. 12 qualified nursing students were selected through purposive sampling and relevant data were obtcuhed through in- depth interviewing. Obtained Colaizi,s analysis method guided the researchers, activities throughout the study. The reliability and validity of the present study were grounded in four themes (factual value, applicability, consistency and neutrality) suggested by Guba and Lincoln. Interview transcriptions were analyzed and conceptual codes were extracted. Then the codes were identified with three themes and relevant sub- themes as follows: (1) Environment, (2) Preparedness in students (Pre- requisite knowledge and skills, questioning and communication skills), (3) Factors related with instructors (personality and behavioral traits, and their skills). The findings revealed that the teaching-learning process is enhanced and proceeds with a higher quality under certain circumstances. For instance, nursing students should acquire essential theoretical knowledge before entering the clinical environment and gain sufficient expertise in adopting social roles in nursing practice. Provision of a working environment where students are supplied with essential and various instructional facilities and opportunities help them experience independence and professional competence more easily; in this regard, the instructors, skills and supportive role are really outstanding. Further research on any them explored in this study is suggested and recommended.

Background and Life style is the style one adopts throughout life and is considered as one of the important factors in mental and physical health. It is also affected by culture, race religion, geographical, economical and social factor, as well as by beliefs. The present study was conducted to defermine the life style of people living Sabzevar, Iran so that, upon a good knowledge of their life style, an appropriate guide is suggested to policy makers to help people make modifications to their life style. Methods and Materials: This research is a descriptive analytical study. People living in Sabzevar, Iran with age 18 to 65 years old were the study population, out of which 1537 subjects were selected through stratified random sampling. Instruments used for data collection were questionnaires, weight scale and a meter. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive and analytical data. According to the findings, 46.9% were men and the rest (52.4%) were women. As for the life style, dominant figures included smoking 12.2%, physical activity 37.8%, sleep disorders 54.6%, abnormal BMI in men and woman 43.2% and 56.7% respectively, solid oil use 43.3% and use of vegetables and fruit 14.4%. The findings of this study revealed that the life style of people living in sabzevar(Low physical activity, obesity, smoking, inappropriate diet) is a considerable health problem and requires continuous intervention programs to being modifications into personal behaviors and life style.

Background and Sensory stimulation is one of the basic needs of human beings, particularly, for growth and development. However, preterm infants are deprived of Kinesthetic stimulation due to limitations of nursing care and occasionally due to relative isolation periods. Also, painful and additional manipulations cause physiologic dystrophy (hypoxia and heartbeat changes). Therefore, this study was conducted to study the effects of field massage on the physiologic responses of preterm infants and to assure its usage. Methods and Materials: The present study is a quasi-experimental research, conducted on 20 stable preterm infants who were selected by purposive sampling. Field massage was given for 10 days, three 15-minute times in three hours. Heart rate, respiratory rate and O2 saturation were recorded in four phases: just prior to the initiation of the intervention as the baseline time; at the eighth minute after the onset of intervention as time 1; just after the termination of intervention (the 15th minute) as time 2; and finally five minutes later (20 minutes after the initiation) as times 3. Mean heart rate was as follows: baseline time 133.29±0.58; time 1 was 139.68±0.54; time 2 was 133.31±0.57 and time 3 was 133.51±0.56. There was a significant difference between the four phases (p....

Background and Perineal pain is one of the most common postpartum problems in women, found in 94% of women undergoing episiotomys it brings about undesirable complications on the physical and mental health of mothers and their relationship with infants. This study was conducted to compare the effects of Acetaminophen tablets, Diclofenac suppositories and ice packs or relieving th perineal pain after episiotomy. Methods and Materials: In this randomized clinical trial, 180 primiparous women with mediolateral were selected and randomly assigned into three groups (taking tablets, suppositories and using ice packs respectively) each with 60 subjects upon the onset of post-episiotomy pain the intensity of pain was measured through a 10-rate numerical scale before and after treatment. 50-mg Diclofenac suppositories (maximum 3 doses until the pain relieved) were given to the first group. The second group received 325-mg Acetaminophen tablets (maximum 4 doses until the pain relieved) and the third group used ice packs (on the basis of individual needs). Descriptive statistics as well as non-parametric tests, frequent measurement (Friedman), Kruskal Wallis, and Wilcoxon were used in SPSS to analyze the obtained data. The results indicated that perineal pain significantly decreased in the three groups. However, the ice packs were more effective than Diclofenac suppositories and the latter was more effective than Acetaminophen tablets. Encouraging patients and health workers to use non-pharmaceutical procedures and to avoid medicinal intervention seem to be necessary in order to reduce complications and saving time and expenses.

Background and Urinary Incontinence is a common complication during pregnancy which affects 30% to 60% of women. In some women the problem persists after delivery. on average, 10% to 40% of women are affected by postpartum urinary Incontinence, which not only affects their living condition but also imposes upon them extremely high treatment costs. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of postpartum urinary in continence and factors predisposing it. Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical study included 165 women who had been admitted to selected Health Centers in Babol. Iran within 4 months after their Labor. Continuous random sampling led to the inclusion of 165 qualified subjects whose data were gathered through questionnaires. Chi- square and t- test were used in data analysis. In this study, the prevalence of postpartum urinary incontinence was 19.4% and 12.2% reported urgent urinary incontinence, 7.2% reported symptoms of stress urinary incontinence and 3% reported symptoms of both types. Significant relationships were found between postpartum urinary incontinence and factors such as the number of gravidity and parity (P....